Hamlets To Be Or Not To Be :: essays research papers

To be or Not to be&8220To be or not to be, that is the question. Hamlet is eager to tend a bearing of calamity and disaster. He sees his life as a terrible burden, something he yearns to escape. The problem, however, is that death brings one into territory uncharted by tse gloss over alive. It is not death that he fears for he perceives death as a release the problem is death through suicide. Hamlet makes a philosophical approach to the question of whether or not it is nobler to endure life&8217s hardships or overcome pain anagony. Despite the fact that life potful be treacherous, Hamlet foregoes suicide because the afterlife may be worse if a person takes his own life.Hamlet also talks about life long suicide, doing nothing and allowing life to pass by. Hamlet feels as if he has resorted to this passive mode. He suffers guilt from standing by and allowing Claudius to live. Hamlet feels as if he is too gutless to te the king&8217s life until he has gathered all of the facts and the right opportunity arises. Hamlet is being highly hard on himself . It is only human nature to feel nerveless when one is unable to take action. He must realize that he is not being cardly, but smart to wait and take decisive action.Evidence shows that Hamlet feels life is a burden yet Hamlet still remains tranquil as he soliloquizes. The perfect iambic pentameter of Shakespe are gives this passage a sense of fluidity in contrast with the whirlpool of emotions in other soliloquiesWords such as suffer, troubles, dies, sleep, heartache, calamity, and weary, depict depression as Hamlet is a very low-spirited and depressed man. There are also images that are tools of destruction slings, arrows, arms, and whips. Shakespeare&8217s ceful use of words and structure displays Hamlet&8217s ideas successfully. If one chooses to take the path of suicide as a turn out of an unfortunate life, the afterlife has the potential to be worse.

Homophobia :: Gay Lesbian Bisexual Prejudice

Homophobia refers to a prejudicial belief that gay, lesbian, and bisexual people argon threatening. They see them as sick, unnatural, immoral, or disgusting people that are inferior to heterosexuals and they deserve to be hated. Homophobia persists to occur on several distinct but joined levels. These levels are personal, interpersonal, institutional, and cultural. One of the main reasons why people tend to be prejudice against gay, lesbian, and bisexual are based on inaccurate stereotypes and lack of information that is provided by society. Society portrays sexual minorities as sick, perverted, or nonexistent. in that respect are quite a few people who are not aware that they may know healthy gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals. Many people, fearing they might be gay, lesbian, and bisexual, prefer to attack individual who are as a way of avoiding self-identification. masses tend to link homosexuality and bisexuality with sexual behavior. Since we live in a culture that is relu ctant to acknowledge any form of open sexuality, homosexuality and bisexuality is slowly becoming a problem. Our society is more judge of the traditional male or female relationship. However, we fail to notice that people can lead successful and creative lives without having to fit a set pattern. People who feel uncomfortable or uncertain about their sexual orientation or relationships think that going against the norm can be disturbing and intimidating. My friends often ask me why am I friends with people who are gay I would in return ask them why wouldnt they be friends with soul who is gay as a way of challenging their knowledge and beliefs. For example, when someone makes a statement against gays having the right to marry, I ask them why and how they think this could perchance hurt anyone. I ask whether they feel it is fair to tell that person that his or her dreams of romance and marriage to the person he or she loves is disgusting. Would they rather necessitate that perso n put such thoughts out of their minds and plan to live a loveless and passionless life?

Societal Norms and Masturbation Essays -- Sociology, Sexuality

Societal norms greatly influence our views and attitudes concerning withdrawal. In American society, Psychology Today says people tend to consider masturbation as a sexual refuge for singles who are looking to compensate for a lack of sex (Castleman) and gives others the impression that one who masturbates in low or incapable of having sexual relations. However, Castlemans article references a survey conducted by the University of Chicago that disputes this theory and suggests instead that a sexless relationship forget suppress masturbation (Castleman). Historically, masturbation was thought to lead to serious medical side-effects however this is not the case. As more and more doctors medically proved that masturbation is not physically harmful, others looked to support the idea that masturbation could possibly have positive health effects. Both of these factors lead to a greater normalization of masturbation today.Media plays a extensive role in our societys sexual educati on and views. Most commonly, the stigma that masturbation is an inferior or weak sexual act crosses our video recording and computer screens often. For example, both That 70s Show and Seinfeld suggest that those who give in or fail to be masters of his domain (Chaney) are substandard to the rest of society. fleshly evidence that masturbation and sexual pleasure are positive behaviors seems to be more evident now than ever before. Not only is the act arousing, except serotonin and epinephrine course through your body (Daniels), increasing ones mood significantly. Also, many researchers argue that people who masturbate have a heightened spirit of what pleases them sexually, which often leads to a better intimacy with a partner (... ...t I introduce in their sessions. However, I am concerned that not all participants will be completely honest and candid because of the stigmas inherent in our society.Works CitedCastleman, Michael. All About Sex. 30 March 2009. Psychology Today. 1 February 2012.Chaney, Jen. Seinfeld, Four Its existent and Its Spectacular. 17 May 2005. The Washington Post. 2 February 2012.Daniels, Chris and Jes Levatter. Masturbation key to healthy, functional sexual relationships. 19 April 2007. The Badger Herald. 31 January 2012.Dolphin, Lambert. Masturbation And The Bible. 5 March 1991. 31 January 2012 .Wells, Ken R. Masturbation. 2006. Health Line. 2 February 2012 .

Post WW II and Japan Essays -- essays research papers fc

World War II took place beginning at 1939 and ending in 1945. lacquer was the last opposing country to surrender to the US Allies on September 2nd, 1945. Ending the long, horrific seven-year war. Upon Japans admitted defeat, the U.S. invaded and took occupation of the country for seven years. Though assumed to be a drear circumstance and expected total domination, it was a benefit to Japan, for the unite States to take control of them, rather than being a disadvantage. The occupation helped the recovery and development of Japans economy and also clarified understanding surrounded by the two countries. When the United States took control of Japan during late summer of 1945, it proved to be a milestone for the entire world. Never before had one advanced nation attempted to reform the supposed faults of another advanced nation from within (Reischauer 221). two countries were uneasy, complaining the regarded issue at first. For the Americans, the very notion of democratizing Japan represented a stunning revision of the propaganda they had imbibed during the war. When the media had routinely depicted all Japanese as children, savages, sadists, madmen, or robots. In the most pervasive metaphor of dehumanization, they were portrayed in word and picture as apes, or monkey-men (Dower 213). There was much hatred for the Japanese by the American people, because of the negative depiction of them by the media and the remembrance of the bombing of Pearl Harbor by the Japanese that drove the U.S. to declare war on Japan in the first place. Many Americans displayed extreme prejudice for the Japanese people calling them jaundiced baboons or the more unsophisticated racial term, Jap. The United States viewed Japan as a collapsing nation that needed strict guidance from them in order to change into the correct form of government. For the first time in history, Japan was a conquered nation. The slogan, which Japan used to cope during the occupation, was enduring the unendura ble. For some Japanese people, the U.S. occupation seemed like more of the same totalitarian leadership as of the emperor, therefore was indifferent to the new order. The rest feared that the Americans would be vengeful, cruel conquerors. The wil... ...tates and Japan is certainly an impressive achievement. Due to the aid and influences contributed by the United States, Japan is direct a peaceful, fully restored nation that has improved beyond expectations. The economy is one of the best in the world, and there is no longer any hostility between the two nations. America helped Japan restore its economy and society to build it into a better nation that it is today.BibliographyPerez, Louis G. The History of Japan.London Greenwood Press, 1998.Reischauer, Edwin O. JAPAN, The Story of a Nation. innovative York Alfred A. Knopf, 1970.Morton, W.Scott. JAPAN, Its History and Culture. modernistic York McGraw-Hill, 1994.Area Handbook Series. Japan, a country study.Washington D.C. Library of Congress, 1992.Beasley, W.G. The Modern History of JAPAN.New York Frederick A. Praeger, 1963.Koshiro, Yukiko. Trans-Pacific Racisms and the US Occupation of Japan. New York capital of South Carolina University Press, 1999.Beasley, W.G. The Rise of Modern Japan.New York St. Martins Press, 1995.Thomas, J.E. Modern Japan.London Longman Singapore Publishers Pte., 1996.Dower, John W. Embracing Defeat, Japan in the Wake of World War II. New York Norton, 1999.

Volpone, by Ben Jonson :: Free Essay Writer

Consider the end of the bump, the lack of resolution in the Bonario - Celia relationship, the class establish difference in the severity of Volpone and Moscas punishments, the agency in which Corbaccio, Voltore and Corvino atomic number 18 left. Do you find the ending just and in structure or are the unresolved situations perturbing? In the epistle of the play Ben Jonson states it macrocosm the office of a comic poet to imitate justice. It can be said that this is shown in the ending and that it is just and in structure as all the characters are punished in some way for their avarice and the innocent characters Bonario and Celia who in a way provide a contrast to the immoral selfishness, are chasten free and Celia is given back with three times her dowry money to her father. However there are unresolved issues left at the end of the play concerning these characters. One point of view would be that Celia and Bonario were secondary characters in the play used as virtuous character s to provide a distinction between the corruptness and greed of Volpone. Mosca, Corvino, Corbaccio and Voltore, consequently making the problems concerning them as unimportant in context with the punishment or justice served by Jonson to Volpone. But then it is important to defy in mind that as these two characters were so inherently good-natured that the reputation of them and lack of resolution can be regarded as disturbing. Another disturbing injustice can be viewed as the class based difference Mosca and Volpones punishments. Volpone is sent to Thou art to lie in prison, cramped with irons, coin bank thou best sick and lame indeed. As he is By blood, and rank a gentleman. And is sent to the Hospital of the Incurables. Mosca, Being a fellow of no birth, or blood. Is sentenced to first thou be whipped Then live perpetual prisoner in our gallies. This inequity can be seen as being based on the fact that Mosca is a parasite, in metaphorical terms a flesh fly who feeds of others the lowest of the low. However, when one of the avocatore thought Mosca had inherited the money thereof moving up in status, as a clarissimo he had described Mosca as A proper man And were Volpone dead. A fit match for my daughter. And is called a gentleman. This shows how differences in class make a difference for how the characters are treated in punishment.

Volpone, by Ben Jonson :: Free Essay Writer

Consider the end of the play, the neediness of resolution in the Bonario - Celia relationship, the branch based difference in the severity of Volpone and Moscas punishments, the situation in which Corbaccio, Voltore and Corvino are left. Do you find the stop just and in structure or are the unresolved situations disturbing? In the epistle of the play Ben Jonson states it being the office of a comic poet to imitate justice. It can be said that this is shown in the ending and that it is just and in structure as all the characters are punished in some substance for their avarice and the innocent characters Bonario and Celia who in a way provide a contrast to the immoral selfishness, are set free and Celia is given back with three times her dowry money to her father. However in that respect are unresolved issues left at the end of the play concerning these characters. One point of view would be that Celia and Bonario were secondary characters in the play used as virtuous characters t o provide a distinction between the corruption and greed of Volpone. Mosca, Corvino, Corbaccio and Voltore, consequently making the problems concerning them as unimportant in context with the punishment or justice served by Jonson to Volpone. But then it is important to bear in mind that as these two characters were so inherently good-natured that the reputation of them and lack of resolution can be regarded as disturbing. Another disturbing injustice can be viewed as the class based difference Mosca and Volpones punishments. Volpone is displace to Thou art to lie in prison, cramped with irons, till thou best sick and lame indeed. As he is By blood, and rank a gentleman. And is sent to the Hospital of the Incurables. Mosca, Being a fellow of no birth, or blood. Is sentenced to first thou be whipped Then live perpetual prisoner in our gallies. This inequity can be seen as being based on the fact that Mosca is a parasite, in metaphorical terms a flesh navigate who feeds of others t he lowest of the low. However, when one of the avocatore thought Mosca had inherited the money therefore moving up in status, as a clarissimo he had described Mosca as A proper man And were Volpone dead. A fit match for my daughter. And is called a gentleman. This shows how differences in class make a difference for how the characters are treated in punishment.

A word on racism

Past week was United Nations day. The point of this vacation is to celebrate our heritage, to bring conformity, to create unity among a species which finds the very notion difficult. It is a holiday meant to put aside differences and to reach out to those next to you. To take their hands and with them lead forward into a place where those among us can be do by as equals.That was the reason for the hands. There were so many hands each a different color, pasted all over the walls, the table, the pillar holding up the ceiling in the small lounge area. Each one bore a name. As I walked past, on my way to a class to which I was desperately late, I passed a table. At that table sat five or so students, each with a hand, each writing their name as well as their race upon it.Come, make a hand the girl at the table cheerily ordered me as she passed me a limp unlifelike cutout of an appendage. I shook my head.No thanks.At that I got an odd look. It was as if she were wondering, why wouldnt s omeone want to make one of these? She was puzzled, hardly persistent. She shoved the hand toward me once more and I bristled. Not the best move, but involuntary.I said I dont want to make one. I turned my shoulder. I tried my best to wreak with my body language, my eyes, my tone of voice, that I would not be swayed. She frowned. Scowled almost.You must be some kind of racist. Whatever.Give me that. I grabbed at the cardboard cutout almost fiercely. I sat at the table, pulled an assortment of markers toward me, and began writing. To hell with being late to class. I didnt care anymore.It took me but seconds to finish the hand and to give it back to the girl. She frowned at me once again.This isnt what youre sibyllicI have a right to have it up there just like everyone else.She shrugged. It seemed she sensed she had lost the argument. She took the hand and stapled it to a canvas tent of blue paper hanging on the wall. I found then, and only then, that I was disgusted by the whole principle.How is it, as a society, that the things that are supposed to make us the same turn out to make us different? It was that factor alone that disgusted me. Those hands were meant to bring us together, but instead they merely focused on our differences. Black. White. Hispanic. We are not color blind. We have an innate ability to separate. To label as good or disobedient the color of ones skin. On a holiday meant to represent unity, we were instead separating ourselves.That was the reason I made my hand different. The reason I ignored the boundaries and instead denominate the hand with something that the girl considered to be racist. The reason I chose to be equal. After all, how are we to be equal if we only focus on the things that make us unequal? It should not be the color of ones skin but the quality of that person that makes each unique.That hand said only one thing.

Top 10 Natural Disasters

- glaring 1st -Criteria for Ranking 306 termination (the most deadly temblor in year 2012) -Date August 11, 2012 -Location East Azerbaijan Province, Iran -Type Twin earthquakes (Magnitude 6. 3 and 6. 4) -Description The earthquake resulted in an estimated 306 deaths, over 5000 injured, most of houses destroyed. -Sources of data http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Earthquakes_in_2012cite_note-98 and http//earthquake. usgs. gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usb000bupa. phpdetails -Rank 2nd -Criteria for Ranking 30 killed, 109 missing Date June 1, 2012 -Location Bugimwera village, Uganda -Type Landslide -Description The landslide resulted in 30 deaths and more(prenominal) than 100 were still missing. There were astir(predicate) 400,000 people required humanitarian help. A great number of houses were destroyed and over 3000 need to be locate -Sources of information http//www. huffingtonpost. com/2012/06/26/mount-elgon-landslide-2012-missing-uganda_n_1626893. html and http//www. rnw. nl/ africa/article/hundreds-homeless-many-watchful-after-uganda-mudslide Rank 3rd -Criteria for Ranking 113 death -Date February 6, 2012 -Location Visayas, Philippines (near island of Negros, and Cebu) -Type Earthquake (Magnitude 6. 7) -Description The earthquake resulted in an estimated 113 deaths, about 112 injured about 15,000 buildings and 17 bridges were destroyed. -Sources of information http//earthquake. usgs. gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2012/usb0007wgq/summary and http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Earthquakes_in_2012September -Rank 4th -Criteria for Ranking 81 death Date September 7, 2012 -Location Yiliang, Zhaotong, Yunnan Province, China -Type Earthquake (Magnitude 5. 6) -Description The earthquake resulted in an estimated 81 deaths, about 821 injured more than 6600 houses were flattened and thousands were damaged about $552 million lost in the earthquake. -Sources of information http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/2012_Yunnan_earthquakes -Rank 5th -Criteria for Ranking 77 death -Date J une 29, 2012 -Location Brahmaputra River, call forth of Assam, northeastern India -Type Flood Description 77 were killed in the flood, over 2 million people and 2084 villages were affected. -Sources of information http//india. blogs. nytimes. com/2012/09/24/floods-and-landslides-kill-dozens-in-north-east-india/ and http//www. nytimes. com/2012/06/30/world/asia/india-floods-swamp-more-than-2000-villages. html -Rank sixth -Criteria for Ranking 75 death -Date June 11, 2012 -Location Baghlan Province, Afghanistan -Type Earthquakes (Magnitude 5. 4 and 5. 7) -Description The earthquake resulted in an estimated 75 deaths, about 13 injured.The earthquake causes mountains in the Hindu Kush region to break off. Sayi Hazara was all destroyed that only one home survived. -Sources of information http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/June_2012_Afghanistan_earthquakes -Rank 7th -Criteria for Ranking 27 death -Date May 20, 2012 -Location Emilia-Romagna, Italy -Type Earthquakes (Magnitude 6. 1 and 5. 8) - Description The earthquake resulted in an estimated 27 deaths, about 400 injured (50 in the first earthquake and 350 in the second).It also caused more than 45,000 people lost their home. -Sources of information http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/2012_Northern_Italy_earthquakes -Rank 8th -Criteria for Ranking 20 death -Date September 23, 2012 -Location Northeastern states of Sikkim and Assam, India -Type Floods and landslides -Description 20 people died, 1. 3 million of people were affected by flood, over 200,000 of people lost their houses. -Sources of information http//india. blogs. nytimes. com/2012/09/24/floods-and-landslides-kill-dozens-in-north-east-india/ Rank 9th -Criteria for Ranking 17 death -Date November 4, 2012 -Location Andhra Pradesh, India -Type Flood -Description The flood resulted in 17 deaths and destroyed more than 1246 houses. Crops were destroyed over 243,634 hectares. Roads were also heavily damaged. -Sources of information http//www. disaster-report. com/2012/11/r ecent-natural-disasters-list-november-4. html -Rank 10th -Criteria for Ranking 8 death -Date February 29, 2012 -Location Harrisburg, Illinois, the United States -Type Tornado (EF-4)

Religious Toleration Essay

In early Europe, many places established a strong sense of church. This was ordinarily established by the ruler and how the ruler thought the land should practice. When the Protestant reformation came around, this boiled up many different controversies with toleration. The 16th to 18th centuries saw a lot of diverse arguments and practices concerning religious toleration. From different people all(a) over, the ideas varied greatly with more or less people besides wanting their religions to exist, others giving some leeway for other religions to live on, while some compromising for the good of their own people or followers.Toleration was accepted by some and spurned by others in Europe. William Prince of Orange wanted to ensure to keep his country safe so his proclamation to the people of the Netherlands stating that religious toleration was needed so Spain could not potentially harm them, at that placefore tolerance was a way to keep the peace inside their country (DOC 2). In 1 649, the _Agreement of the Free People of England_ cusp wrote on how the anguish of persecution is caused by religious problems (Doc 6). Voltaire, a French writer and philosopher, writes about how if one religion was allowed in England the government could become heavily imperative therefore he states that religious toleration would bring peace and let people live happily (DOC 11).No toleration from the some of the Roman and French people was evident against the Protestants. King Louis XIV of France in 1685 forbids the subjects of Protestant religion in any place because of the evils, troubles, and confusion in his country, therefore he doesnt believe Protestants should be allowed anywhere under any circumstances (DOC 8). Going completely against what Luther believes, Maria Theresa has her belief that if there is no subordination in the church, how allow for people live? Putting salvation atstake when bringing other religions into the picture is what outraged many people in the s ixteenth to 18th century (Doc 12). A French Catholic aristocrat, Paul Hay du Chastelet, wanted to give his opinion and pleas that the unity of one belief binds the men together and keeps all the men at the same altar who will r arely fight each other, therefore the princes are obligated to pick the religion of the region they are in charge of (DOC 7).The two intimately discussed topic in the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries would be the toleration and non-toleration of religions. Some people made agrees so there was no fighting or keeping the peace amidst people. Glabbais in 1691 opens up a new Catholic church and states that no offense between the Protestants and Catholics will happen when going to and from church. Also, there will be a specific meeting place for Catholics so no trouble is caused (Doc 9). Also, when King total heat IV of France wrote the famous Edict of Nantes, it permitted reformed religions to live in the places of his Kingdom. The Edict explains how the p eople of the reformed religion will keep everything contained (Doc 5). The other way the compromise was achieved was through keeping the religions separated. This meant that one religion would be observed quietly and peacefully in their home. This was mostly accommodated to the Lutherans and the Lutherans had to stay where their religion thrives (Doc 10).The religious toleration in the 16th through 18th centuries brought a lot of talk between the arguments and practices of religions. There were people who agreed that religion should all coexist together, have only one practice control everyone, or some with a compromise for the good of their own people. Religious tolerance was a term that was debated and capitalized on for most states and Kingdoms during the Protestant Reformation.

Jesus as a teacher Essay

Many occupancy leaders of today should under(a)stand that one guidance to improve the placeput of their employees and gay capital is to further increase their training. Although of course this would imply additional calls to the companies if they ar the ones who would be shouldering the expenses, a cost-benefit analysis would show that commandment and investing in human capital is well worth the while and would result in higher profits.This lesson is learned from Jesus when he sent the disciples out to do the ministries, for he understood that it would be enough in besides to lecture them on the teachings of God, but in any case to provide them with earlyhand training view as a foundation for he knew that the clock time would come that he would be gone (Thousand Oaks, 1993). In the Journal of financial business management, specifically the nation of quantitative finance, Cruz underlines the popular method of management dynamics which is the deployment of skilled laborers that have undergone enough training to other franchises and branches of trustworthy business or organization.This falls under matrix management, and a figure that the author claims must be gained and learned by many of the managers and leaders of large corporations with fast-moving trustworthys. This allows for fail training experience non save for the employees of the p arnt company for the constant reshuffling of skilled labor entices others to learn extraized skills, it is in any case allows for the other sister companies to provide their own develop labor the shuffled back into the system. A result of such management method would be better employees and skilled labor all throughout the system of the company.This is tardily recognizable by the sending out of the 12 disciples for it reflects how the distribution of learned and skilled individuals entices others to do the same, letting the learning process grow exponentially oer a large geographical location without nec essarily having to sacrifice complete learning. One merely needs to look at how much Christianity has developed over the centuries, and if you look at our historical accounts, we realize that it was Jesus idea in the first place that started the missionary work that had allowed for other such institutions under the church service to follow suit.(Cruz, 2000) A fast-moving product company, it is essential for leaders and managers to visit the basic needs of consumers in tack together to increase revenues and decrease costs of production and at long last increase their profits. It is one thing for leaders and managers to understand the concepts behind the distribution methods of such a company, it is as yet again a nonher thing for them to perk firsthand how consumers act to certain variables in certain conditions. jesus as a teacher This, perhaps, is the single most important factor of leadership which we butt joint learn from the teachings and actions of Jesus.We do non need any more to enumerate one by one the Gospels, chapters, and versus where Jesus has reflected such a value because we are already quite knowledgeable of the fact that all throughout the Gospel and all throughout the life of Jesus, he had been the embodiment of teaching. And although the Ministry in teaching was only in the time span of in and around three and half years, during that time he showed that he was the worlds master teacher. His teachings were not merely segregated to lectures for he had also performed the greatest actions and miracles of any story ever said or told (Singer-Towns, 2005).Also, un similar many people who preach about certain teachings and do not do the actions themselves, Jesus asked a teacher exemplified how one should practice what one preaches. He performed great miracles and plot a new counselling of life and its teachings was not only a modification of various teachings that were set before new ideas that came into existence only when he arrived. Ano ther important factor to point out in discussing Jesus as a teacher is he did not teach very complicated concepts and ideas.Un analogous modern teachers of various institutions and universities where one required at least an IQ of 130 in order to even barely understand what they are teaching, the teachings of Jesus were simple to use, lecture and interest, people. His teachings were so simple that almost anyone who had listened to him according to the Gospels written could easily understood him. And when the time came that people could not easily relate to the teachings, he had apply one of the most popular tools that are readily available to teachers that only a few took advantage of.As a matter of fact, this method has been so associated with Jesus that dimension or the hearing of the word itself would bring to mind the person. What we are talking about are parables (Woolfe, 2000). Also, his teachings and illustrations and examples of the lessons that he wanted to deliver to t hose who were comprehend to him were so near and familiar to the listeners that they could easily understand him. Complicated principles are broken down into simple stories in order for people to truly understand what he was secernateing.This was also a ingenious way of escaping persecution by the Pharisees and scribes of the time, for who can say that it is illegal to say the truth life story with a special meaning. However again we again go back to the point that the things that she is up for still more important than his methods. What he had addressed his disciples and these listeners and eventually the Gospel were not merely modifications of fast philosophies, but rather a completely new way of life which he summed up in one sentence. Do unto others as you would have others do unto you.Just among the many of these teachings are his endless discussions with business cycles and followers about the kingdom of God. He made clear that he was the good news, and reminded everyone tha t the world is not out of control (Thomas Nelson, 2003). God is still in charge, but he has given us free will and not like merely machines that are wound up by the great creator. We have free will, and yet ruled by King, and that is God. Still another parable that had so much effect on his disciples and listeners as the parable of the sower.It was about a farmer who went out to sow his seeds which landed on many types of land, much like how we are. Also, a memorable parable that would perhaps stick with us as Roman Catholics were ever is a parable of the prodigal son. There are also many other parables that are located all throughout the Gospels which would be perhaps too long to enumerate here in our patent. That is just a flea stressing the fact that as a teacher, the device used by Jesus is very effective in delivering his thoughts. In our modern business setting, leaders of organizations should also be teachers.Teachers are not the only exclusive schools and universities. Indee d, many of the key personalities throughout our lives are also our teachers. However, as we progress towards time and we unwrap our professional selves, many of us have stopped becoming teachers and started to think that we are all merely cogs in a great machine, not anymore responsible for any other people and do not anymore want to share the knowledge that we have gained. It is a common malpractice and misconceptions many of the presidents and managers of business organizations today that they do not need anymore to teach their subordinates.They expect that subordinates can learn for themselves and that employees need practical training experience in order to survive. As we have discussed earlier in this paper, this is true, however, it is also essential or leaders and business managers to share their knowledge and experience to other employees in the elements of their human capital not only in order to increase their profits but also as a basic responsibility of being an employ er. Leaders, first and foremost, must be lifelong learners. This is not the first time we hear of this when in face with the leadership.However, close to may find its leaders may also be teachers could be a new idea. Some teachers see themselves as experts in their fields and it is their role to impart knowledge to students or empty vessels. However, some see themselves as guides to share what they know, but understand that some students may also already have the proper knowledge that they need. Any of the two are positive traits, as one can readily observe, but in order for us to truly integrate the teachings of Jesus as lead, we must not only teach because of our selfish desires and to increase our utilities or satisfaction levels.We must teach because of love, and it is because of love that Jesus imparts his knowledge the desire to save humankind. Some say the great teachers have within them not only purpose but the smallest passion. And if that is the case, what better way to express this point than by dining in the cross. What better way for him to let us understand that he was truly passionate about what he taught and that what he said was actually true then by sacrificing his own life for us, but spilling the blood and saving us.Also, we wanted we could learn from Jesus as a teacher which also should be applied by modern leaders of businesses is that we should hear it very important points. Although it is not readily obvious in the Gospel and the life story of Jesus, if we observe his teachings one by one, we would eventually notice that there are only basically a handful of concepts that he wanted people to understand and realize, and that each and every time he presented it in a rather different form. This has allowed them to repeat the important points of what he wanted to say and allowed his listeners to remember is more clearly.

Copyright Law Case Study

Music Business Music Technology & Production Year 3 K00121700 Case strike Ronan Mitchell Abstract Copyright wing Law is an important entity within the music industry. It protects the owner of authorship from misdemeanour. Infringement arises when the right of first publication owners over work out is used without their consent. Although sounds keister non be procureed, some elusions involve shown that the argument of secureing ones representative can sometimes hold weight in a court of law of law. Singer tom turkey Waits sued snack manufacturer Frito Lay for hiring a singer to impersonate him in an advert.Mr. Waits felt that his artistic copyright had been infringed upon. Frito Lays disproof argued that a translator cannot be protected by copyright law as it is a sound and not a melodic piece of work. They referred to a similar faux pas involving Bette Midler in which she sued Ford motors for using an impersonator in a commercial-grade to imitate her voice. Although M idler lost the case, it created ambiguity over the issue of an artists right their voice, if they believe it to be characteristic. tom Waits, un uniform Bette Midler, won the lawsuit and earned him $2. 6 million.This case served to highlight the complexities involved with advertising agencies using, not only an artists work, but also their identity. Introduction The music industry is notoriously rife with court-ordered disputes. Many of these are due to infringement of copyright. A white-haired(a) area arises, however, when it comes to advertising. In a lot of cases, an artist will gladly accept royalties and/or remuneration to have their tune featured in an advertisement. tho in certain instances, artists will have strong opinions about having their music feature in an advertisement.When this happens, advertising companies who use this artists work can find themselves in the middle of an ugly intelligent dispute. This case study endeavors to discuss some of the legal complex ities involved when advertising companies use an artists musical work. Several cases exist in the United States where advertising agencies ran into legal disputes over music featured in an ad, even when not infringing upon standard copyright laws. I have chosen two cases to cross examine to highlight certain legal problems that certain advertising companies face.The first case examined for this study is tom turkey Waits Vs Frito-Lay, Inc. In this case Tom Waits sued the Frito-Lay snack manufacturer and their advertising agency for voice misappropriation and false endorsement. Despite not infringing on any copyright laws, Waits won the case and was awarded $2. 6 million in compensatory damages, punitive damages and attorneys fees. (Roesler, 1992). The second case examined in this study will human face at is Bette Midler Vs Ford Motor Co. This case, which preceded Waits lawsuit, is almost identical in that Fords advertising agency, Young & Rubicam, Inc. hired an unknown singer to imp ersonate Midler on a version of her track Do You expect To Dance. (Lurie, 1994) Midler took legal action and sued Ford for $10 million, also citing voice misappropriation. Unlike Tom Waits case, US District Judge A. Wallace Tashima ruled against Midler, stating that the evidence presented wasnt sufficient and that a voice is not a copyrightable entity (Los Angeles Times, 1989) Study To better understand the legalities that face companies in these instances, we must first develop a better understanding of what copyright law entails. In short, Copyright is a property right.It is a rectify of laws and regulations set in place to protect to form of formula of ideas. The ideas themselves cannot be protected by such laws. The idea must take on some visible form, such as a recorded piece of music, a alleged film, piece of art, etc. The owners of these rights are protected by copyright law from anyone who would copy their work and reproduce it for their own monetary gain without the owners express permission. It is the owner of the copyright who may authorize the use of their work by some other party, but only they only reserve the right to do this at their discretion. Neff, 2012) Naturally, as in that location are many different mediums for expressing ideas, copyright law is carve up into many different subsections. This is to cover all vessels for creative expression. On a simple scale, copyright subsists in four sections Music, Film and Broadcast, Literary Publication and true Databases. The music subset consists of Musical, Literary, Dramatic or Artistic Works. The musical copyright covers works of music that do not contain words. How notes are arranged to form melodies, song structures and chord progressions are protected by this copyright.Certain musical elements are not protected by this. If a guitar player has particularly unique guitar tone, he cannot have this protect by a copyright. A specific tone is not a tangible musical work and in that loca tionfore cannot be protected. However, if the same guitarist recorded an original piece of music with that guitar tone, this recording is now a tangible body of work and can be protected by musical copyright. It is the music itself that is protected. Not the sound. (Neff, 2012) This is a particularly interesting element of Tom Waits lawsuit against Frito-Lay.The defendants argued that the voice misappropriation case was invalid as one cannot own the rights to certain style of singing. (UMKC drill of Law, n. d. ) Tom Waits is an American singer, songwriter, composer and actor. Almost as much for his music, he is renowned for his unique gravelly, guttural singing voice. His voice has been expound as sounding like like it was soaked in a vat of bourbon, left hanging in the smokehouse for a few months, and hence taken outside and run over with a car. (Graff, G & Durchholz, D 1998).Tracy-Locke, Frito Lays advertising agent, approached Tom Waits about using is his song musical note R ight Up in an advert for RioSalsa Doritos. They put together a version of the song which featured new lyrics relevant to the product and played this for Waits. Tom Waits refused outright as he is vehemently opposed using his music to sell products. It was interesting that they chose that particular song, as the lyrics are a satirical indictment of advertising. The song features advertising slogans used sarcastically to describe a product that supposedly does everything from shine your car to make you six foot five, blonde and fine-looking. Jacobs, 2000) When he refused, the Tracy-Locke company then hired a singer to impersonate Tom Waits style of sing over a song that bared a lot of similarities the Waits Step Right Up. Tom Waits took legal action and sued for voice misappropriation and false endorsement. (Roesler, 1992) As the lyrics for the song were altered to suit the ad, Waits literary copyright was unaffected. The literary copyright pertains to a work of words which are comp ose, spoken or sung. This work does not specifically need to be written down for the copyright to apply. A recording of such work holds he same right as literary work that is written or printed. pen musical notation also falls under this subsection regardless if it is written down, printed or recorded. (Neff, 2012) As for the musical rights to the song, it transpired that Tom Waits, despite having written the piece, did not have authorship of the copyright for Step Right Up. In normal circumstances, authorship of the copyright to a sound recording is held by the produce of said recording. In this case, the authorship fell to 5th Floor Music run by Herb, Martin and Evan Cohen.Frito Lay had in fact obtained the synchronisation license from Fifth Floor Music. This licence enabled them to reproduce a new song extremely similar, albeit not identical, to Step Right Up to which the new jingle lyrics were added. Tom Waits was oblivious(predicate) of this so was unable to step in and term inate the dealings. Although, having no authorship of the copyright, it is questionable as to whether or not this would have had any sway in the proceedings at all. (Jacobs, 2000) Similarly, in Bette Midlers case, like Waits, Midler was not the owner of the copyright.She did not write the song nor did she pen the lyrics. Ford Co. bought the rights the song Do You Want To Dance from the publishing company that had ownership over the copyright. This meant that Ford had no obligation to contact Bette Midler with regards to their intentions to use the song for their commercial. (Lurie, 1994) Since Midler had no ownership rights, the defense argued that her voice misappropriation was preempted by the copyright act. However, this was rejected as they found that copyright cannot be preempted if the subject military issue does not come within the subject matter of copyright.. ncluding works or authorship not fixed in any tangible medium of expression. (UMKC School of Law, n. d. ) It was d ecided that, since it was not possible to copyright a particular sound (like that of the guitar tone), the voice was not suitable copyright subject matter. Thus, copyright preemption did not apply. (UMKC School of Law, n. d. ) Although the court ruled in favor of the defendant, Midlers case of voice misappropriation raised the question of a celebritys right to control over their identity, with respect to commercial use. This ambiguity was vital to the outcome of Waits lawsuit only three years later. Lurie, 1994) The copyright preemption issue in Midlers case was referred to in Waits Vs Frito Lay. The defense requested that, since Tom Waits was not the lawful owner of the music copyright, the preemption of copyright law did not apply in this instance as it had with Midler. Waits case was not for infringement of a tangible copyrightable piece of work, but for infringement of voice. Again, voices are merely sounds and sounds are not protected by copyright law. (UMKC School of Law, n. d . ) Despite this, the defense argued that, even though they had copied Waits musical style, they did not imitate his voice.This was found to be untrue, however. It transpired that Tracy-Lockes executive producer was quite concerned with the legal implications of their singers striking similarity to Waits voice. He requested that they record another version of the jingle asking the singer to sing less like Waits. Unhappy with the result, Frito Lay insisted they use first version. (UMKC School of Law, n. d. ) On the day that the commercial was due to air, Tracy Lockes managing vice president spoke with their attorney regarding what legal issues they might encounter.He was advised that there was a strong possibility of legal ramification due to recent case law that recognized a distinctive voice as protectable. However, as style was not protectable, their attorney informed them that the case might hold no merit. (UMKC School of Law, n. d. ) Despite the warning, Frito Lay chose the vers ion that imitated Tom Waits distinctive voice. It was proposed that the board be given a proposed instruction on the distinction between voice and style which read, In contemporary music, there are a great many styles or sounds, Style is not subject to ownership.No singer can appropriate for himself any style and exclude others from performing in the same style. Any singer is free to sing in the same style. (UMKC School of Law, n. d. ) This instruction was rejected by the district court. Given that there were a lot of similarities between this case and Midlers voice-misappropriation case, the jury was asked to decide whether or not they found Waits style to be distinctive. The defense argued that the omitted instruction was an fracture in judgment as this then left the jury unclear as to what the distinction was between voice and style. (UMKC School of Law, n. d. Waits argued that although no copyright infringement had occurred, he felt his artistic integrity had been compromised . It was put forth that anyone had heard the advertisement would automatically gain that it was Waits singing. Waits has strongly spoken out about artists pickings money to allow their music to be used to sell product. He felt that, as the Doritos advertisement jingle sounded identical to his voice and musical style, that his fans would assume he participated in the advertisement and had willing endorsed the product. This, he asserted, was damaging to his reputation and his career as an artist. UMKC School of Law, n. d. ) The jury then listened to several of Tom Waits songs to trammel both his musical and vocal style. The court then played them the Doritos advertisement in question for comparison. To convince them further, Waits attorneys had them hear testimonies from people who had in fact ideal that it was Waits in the advertisement. (Roesler, 1992) This argument was persuasive enough to sway the jury. They were convinced when they heard to advertisement and the testimonies th at, despite the fact that no copyrightable material had been infringed upon, Waits artistic integrity had been compromised.The jury found that the defendants had acted with oppression, fraud or malice (Roesler, 1992, p. 15). Tom Waits was awarded 2. 6 million dollars in compensatory damages and attorneys fees. Conclusion In conclusion, we can set from the above cases that copyright is a bastion for musical artists. They help to protect an artists right to their work and a right to their form of expression from being exploited by large companies and advertising agencies who can sometimes try to profit from their work.Although, as they are vital to protecting an artists creative work, we can also seen from the cases studied that they can protect much more than that. Technically, in the eyes of the law, only a tangible body of work can by protected by these rights. However, as this study has shown, in certain rare cases, these rights can be manipulated to encompass, not only an artist s work, but their identity, persona and artistic integrity when exploited.As made evident by the unusual Tom Waits lawsuit, it seems that advertising companies in particular must wade carefully when wishing to use unlicensed music for commercials. As their sole intention is for making money, they can be looked at very callously by court jury. Thus, certain unscrupulous can land in a lot of trouble despite not infringing on a copyrighted piece of work. Although situations such as this are quite unusual, they highlight the importance of copyright law within the music industry. References Graff, G & Durchholz, D 1998, Musichound Rock The Essential Album Guide. manifest Ink, Detroit * Jacobs, J. A 2000, Copyright Tom waits Vs Frito Lay, viewed 04 January 2013, www. tomwaitsfan. com/tom%20waits%20library/www. tomwaitslibrary. com/copyright-fritolay. hypertext markup language * Los Angeles Times (1989), Bette Midler Loses Ford Sound-Alike Lawsuit Celebrity $10-million suit over TV car commercial is disregard but action against the ad agency is allowed to stand, viewed 06 January 2013, http//articles. atimes. com/1989-10-27/business/fi-901_1_bette-midler * Lurie, K. (1994) Waits v. Frito-Lay The Song Remains the Same.. Cardozo Arts & Ent. LJ, 13, 187. , Available at http//heinonline. org/HOL/LandingPage? collection=journals&handle=hein. journals/caelj13&div=26&id=&page= Accessed sixth January 2013. * Neff, F. 2012, Copyright and Related Rights Act 2000 Introduction to Copyright Overview And Originality in Copyright, * Neff, F. 012, Authorship and Ownership of Copyright Copyright and Related Acts 2000 Sections 21 to 23, * Roesler, M. (1992) Waits v. Frito Lay,. 978 F. 2d 1093 (9th Cir. 1992), Available at http//www. markroesler. com/pdf/caselaw/Waits%20v. %20Frito-Lay%20Inc. %20_1992_. pdf Accessed 6th January 2013 * University of Missouri Kanas City School of Law (1992) Waits v. Frito Lay, Inc. United States Court Of Appeals For The Ninth Circuit, Available at h ttp//law2. umkc. edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/communications/waits. html Accessed 4th January 2013.

How does Forster(TM)s narrative style affect the relationship between reader, character and situation? Essay

Forsters fib style affects the relationship between reader, character and situation in many different ways. Forsters narrative technique is much quite muddled. His style of narration wavers between optimism and uncertainty. He is always trying to show and describe hotshot thing hardly means something else. He starts out with a certain vision, only to have it falter in subtle and frightening ways, and then reaffirms it. His narrative style roll in the hay be rather subtle at times especially when he reveals his consume opinion about a character, it is very indirect. However, on the contrary one of Forsters narrative techniques is to address the reader directly. Forster also leaves the reader to make their own view on the character many times he does non reveal an opinion about the character so the reader can create their own interpretation. His narrative style can affect the situation in diverse techniques.Forster can describe the situation in which Lucy can let out her emotio n in her conscious and unconscious state, he reefers to music. How he describes general way of being and life in A Room with a View has a link to music. The affirmation from his certain vision comes with an artistic admission. The articulate, dominant allele narrative voice chooses to have things turn out that way. For example Forster show the readers that life in his novels is rather like Beethovens sonnets They can gladness or despair as the player decides and Lucy had decided that they should triumph (Page twenty nine) The music becomes a way to show and relate to how Lucy attempts to convince her subconscious of a certain lifestyle.Forster also uses his artistic admission with Lucy and the way in which Forster narrates his novel affects how the readers view the characters. Using Lucy Honeychurch as an example, the readers gain a connection with her. At the fount of the novel Forster revealed her immaturity and often showed it with his narrative techniques. Throughout the nove l the reader sees that Lucy develops into a more mature character. For example, her break up with Cecil shows the readers that she has finally distinguished her own thoughts realising that Cecil is non the man for her. The situation is narrated through the vision of art. Forster describes Cecils constant comparisons of Lucy to a Leonardo. It is based on Cecils perception of her shadows and reticence, which are truly signs of her confusion and repression.Lucy is always muddled and the reader sometimes does not comprehend her, it is all to do with her not knowing what she really wants. Just as the reader starts to think they understand her Forster muddles up his narrative technique and throws the reader from their thoughts quite subtly.Subtlety plays quite a vital role in Forsters narrative manner. He uses it in many ways, to describe the characters in deep thought. He also uses it with the character Mr. Beebe. He is clearly gay, just like E. M. Forster himself and Forster states th e fact of Mr. Beebes sexuality however in an extremely clever and subtle way without making the whole situation too obvious.The indirect narration of the characters plays a major role in the novel. Forster reveals his own opinion very indirectly. It provides a fine example of the highly visual nature of Forsters narrative style and his parsimony of the gaze on characters, especially male ones. The readers can see that he favours Mr. Emerson and therefore Forster makes no criticism towards him. The readers can see that few characters receive all-inclusive lengthy physical description. However, on the contrary, Forster shows the characters that he is not so fond of, for example, Miss Bartlett. Forster subtly criticises her in his narration.Most of the novel is narrated from Lucys prospective and at times from Mr. Beebes and Charlottes. Lucy and Charlottes relationship is exposed. Forster makes it obvious that Lucy is told what to think by Charlotte. He narrates it in such a way tha t it represents the freedom (or lack of it) that Lucy has. At the beginning of the novel Lucy is inferior to Charlotte and is expected to think what charlotte thinks and do what she does. It illustrates the opposition of immaturity and maturity shown in the beginning and end of the book.Forster also shows opposition indoors his narration between the characters. For instance, Ms. Bartlett and Cecil are described as more conservative characters more indoor kind of people and are generally narrated doing things less(prenominal) active. A vast majority of the time they are only narrated doing things inside. However, comparing them to Freddy, Lucy and George it shows extreme distinction between characters because they are more outdoor and active characters, often narrated doing thing outside which then goes on to show the link to the view and how they appreciate it a lot more than Cecil and Charlotte. For example, Cecil refuses to play tennis stating that he was not made to play sport.O verall, Forsters narrative style affects the relationship between theReaders by subtly favouring the character, by showing criticism towards the character or not criticising them at all and leaving the opinion to be made by the reader. His narrative style affects the situation by linking it to something that the reader can refer to, in this case, art and music. This therefore leads to a much more vivid image of the situation that the reader creates in his of her mind.

Parenthood: Psychology and Birth Order Essay

Every family system is unique and unmatchable of the major contrisolelying factors that delimitate that is birth order. There assimilate been studies that have been conducted that suggest that your identity, character and personality can be swayed by the order you were born. In the 1989 motion-picture show P atomic number 18nthood, the complexity, culture, gender issues and eternal changing of family is examined. This essay will take a deeper look at two family systems from Parenthood and determine their typical and untypical birth order behaviors. Gil and Karen Buckman have raised their three kids in such a way that they whole exhibit typical birth order behavior.Kevin is the oldest and strives for perfection through academics and athletics this is one of the main characteristics of being a first born. In school Kevins teacher informs Mr. and Mrs. Buckman that Kevin has emotional problems and too many worries for his age and suggests that a Special Ed program. The Buckmans do not feel the need to put him into special classes, and will have him start seeing a therapist this is because they feel he is a direct reflection on them. Kevin also plays baseball, and during the games demonstrates fear of failing.Parents often look at the first born as a second elicit and this can be related back to Kevin when he says, I have to do everything At the end of the film Kevin also tells his father that he wants to be just alike him when he grows up this is no surprise because Gil (also a first born) is a business executive and first borns like law, order and decided boundaries. Typical first borns have high expectations for themselves (Kevin shows this in baseball, evermore beating himself up) and strive to live up to their parents expectations.Taylor is the middle chela of Gil and Karen and is not shown in the movie as much as her two brothers. Middle children tend to crave attention and there in a scene in the movie where Taylor gets in trouble at school for kiss ing too many boys, and by doing this she will get attention from her parents. Middle children also are called the forgotten child and in the film it seemed like the director intentionally put more emphasis Kevin and Justin rather then Taylor. At the beginning of the film Justin was the youngest child of Gil and Karen, and functioned like a typical baby.At Kevins birthday party and other family events, Justin was eer doing funny tricks and creating laughter among the guests. At the end of the movie, Gil and Karen had just had another baby, so as the viewer we do not know what role Justin will develop into. Gil and Karen have a typical birth order family and that could be delinquent to a number of contributing factors. Gils family growing up could be characterized as a typical birth order family, so when he was breeding his kids he could have used the same parenting techniques his parents did.The kids roles could also be determined by the number of years that is between all of them , there are always exceptions to the system. Helen Buckman and her ex-husband Ed raised their two kids in a way that they exhibit untypical birth order behavior. Julie is a first born, like Kevin, but tends to act more like a middle child with her rebellious, free spirited behavior. Whether it is shaving her head, running away or getting married she is always trying to get attention out of her mom somehow. Julie does not embody the typical first born mentality, she is not goal orientated, a high succeeder or afraid of failure.Gary is the baby but is missing one of the key personality traits, entertainment. Gary can be seen as a typical baby because he is rebellious, temperamental, and ambivalent. His rebellion can be seen when he locks his room and doesnt let his mom know what is in his paper bag, this is probably because he is having emotional problems overdue to his parents divorce and does not know how to handle it. He is temperamental and ambivalent because he does what he wan ts, when he wants to and doesnt seem to care.Helen, Julie, and Garys family dynamic could be untypical because of the recent divorce their family went through. The person watching the movie does not know what the family was like before this event, but the kids attitudes could have potentially changed. Families are all different, and that is what makes them all different. Since this year I never even knew such studies existed. Learning about birth order studies has made me think about my own family, and whether we are typical or untypical, but I know that there are always exceptions.

Determining Lung Capacity

Determining lung capacity try out This is the experiment of determining lung capacity. All the students in the group measured three types of different parameters vital capacity, expiratory reserve and tidal volume. Lung volumeizing refer to physical differences in lung volume, while lung capacities represent different combinations of lung volumes, usually in relation to inhalation and exhalation.The average p bloodline of human lungs depose hold about 6 liters of oxygenize, that only a small issue forth of this capacity is used during normal breathing. Several factors affect lung volumes, well-nigh that can be controlled and some that can not. Lung volumes can be measured using the following terms1 tabularize 1 Larger volumes Smaller volumes males Females taller masses shorter people non-smokers smokers athletes non-athletes people living at high altitudes people living at low altitudes The results that were measured during the experiment are showen in the table. 1. Vital capacity is the amount of air that can be forced out of the lungs later maximal inspiration. The precise formula for measure vital capacity is Inspiratory reserve volume( IRV) + Tidal volume( TV) + expiratory reserve volume (ERV). 2 My calculations showed next determine of diameter of the billow premier(prenominal) meter = 19 cm Second measurement = 20 cm Third measurement = 21 cm Fourth measurement = 21 cm Average unity is = 20. 25 However, the only formula that we used in this experiment to calculate the volume in balloon is next one VOLUME = 1. 33 pic rpic, where r = pic of the average diameter of the balloon and pic= 3. 14. So in this case, vital capacity is r = 10. 125 V= 1. 33 pic 3. 14 pic( 10. 125)pic V= 4334. 77 2. Expiratory reserve capacity is the amount of additional air that can be breathed out by and by the end expiratory level of normal breathing. 3 Expiratory reserve that was measured showed next set First measurem ent =13. 5 cm Second measurement = 14 cm Third measurement = 13. 5 cm Fourth measurement = 14 cm Average one is = 13. 75 r = 6. 875 V = 1. 33 pic 3. 14 pic( 6. 875)pic V = 1357. 06 3. Tidal volume is the amount of air breathed in or out during normal respiration4. Tidal volume that was measured showe next results First measurement = 15 cm Second measurement = 15. 5 cm Third measurement = 15. 5 cm Fourth measurement = 15 cm Average one is = 15. 25 r = 7. 625 V = 1. 33 pic 3. 14 pic( 7. 625)pic V = 1851. 402 Conclusion It is possible to deduce that each of the volumes is bigger in males than in females.This is because of the construction of the body, where men wish larger lung capacity than women. In this way we be the statement is the Table 1. The other thing that was proved is that athlets have much bigger lung capacity than those who dont play any sport. This is better shown in female good example in this experiment. We can see also that the vital capacity is the largest because it represent the amount of air exhaled after maximum inhalation. Tidal volume is smaller, because it is the air exhaled during normal respiration. However, it is also shown that Expiratory reserve is the smallest, because it represents the amount of air exhaled right before next inhalation.Evaluation We could extend this experiment by measuring other value such as 1. Total Lung Capacity (TLC). The formula for calculating TLC is = IRV + TV + ERV + RV. This is the volume of bodge contained in the lung at the end of maximal inspiration. 2. Forced vital capacity. This is the amount of air that can be maximally forced out of the lungs after a maximal inspiration. 3. Residual volume (RV). This is the amount of air left in the lungs after a maximal exhalation. 4. Inspiratory reserve volume ( IRV). The formula for calcutaing IRV = VC- ( TV + ERV). This is the additional air that can be inhaled after a normal tidal breath in. 5. structural residual capacity (FRC).The formula for calculati ng FRC = ERV+ RV. This is the amount of air left in the lungs after a tidal breath out. 6. Inspiratory capacity ( IC). The formula for calculating IC = TV + IRV. This is the volume that can be inhaled after a tidal breathe-out. 5 In this way, it would be possible to calculate all the determine using the right formulas. In this experiment, we might have some errors. During the measurement of the diameter of the balloon, it is possible that the values read on the ruler were wrong. pic Graph showing vital capacity of the students pic Graph showing expiratory reserve of the students pic Graph showing tidal volume of the students 1 www. wikipedia. com 2 www. wikipedia. com 3 www. wikipedia. com 4 www. wikipedia. com 5 www. wikipedia. com

Hemingway Hero

Hemingway pigboat? Old manhood and the Sea A very experienced man walking unsteadily nonwithstanding with dignity. This excerpt is from Ernest Hemingways A Clean, illuminated Place, but it could have easily been mistaken for, The Old man and the Sea, also create verbally by Hemingway. In two stories, the old man and Santiago, both become very unsteady at the end of the tale but, they manage to maintain their dignity. For the old man, in A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, the reason he is so unsteady is because he is drunk. He likes to go to the cafe at darkness and drink his shadow away, and somehow, he manages to leave with all of his self worth.In The Old Man and the Sea, Santiago leaves the ocean in destruction, but also keeps his dignity for, he believes he isnt defeated. At the beginning of A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, the waiters mention that the old man had recently tried to kill himself. Santiago, the fisherman in The Old Man and the Sea, wouldnt coward away from life like that. The waiters from the old mans story said that he attempted to kill himself because he was in despair. Santiago had m either reasons to be in despair, but not one time did he try to take his own life away. In both stories, both of the elderly men seem to be persistent.The old man in the cafe was told that he wasnt going to be poured any more than alcohol. He insisted that the waiter should pour him some more. The first waiter did, but the next was more stubborn. Unfortunately, the second waiter won the battle, and the old man did not receive more brandy but, he did not go down without a fight. Santiago was a very persistent old man as well. He was injured immensely, while fighting a battle with a great marlin but he wouldnt let the fish win without a fight. Eventually, Santiago killed the fish, but he was very persistent in his task.He too, would not go down without a fight. Hemingway Code Hero The old man, in A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, follows quite a few criterions to Hemingways Code Hero. The night seems to be equivalent to death, is cultivated, he expresses himself through actions. The waiters said that he old man comes to the cafe either night, and just drinks it away. Hemingway Heros stay up at night, or always have a light on, because the night is the same as death to them. The old man also seems to have oft discipline, as a Code Hero should be, according to the standards.He is drunk, and yet he still manages to not spill and remain very clean which must have taken a lot of discipline to not be a slob, even when youre drunk. He also expresses himself through actions more than words. Granted, he is deaf, but he still knows how to talk his actions definitely outweigh his words. He attempted suicide, which action screams louder than any words I have ever heard. This characteristic also follows the list of ideal traits a Hemingway numbfish should exhibit. The old man is a definite Hemingway Code hero.

What is hysteria? Discuss how hysteria was important in the origins of psychoanalysis.

Introduction passim the archives of psychology, the term fad was used to describe symptoms of illness that were atypical to already established diseases (Feinstein, 2011). Neuropsychiatrists of the 1800-1900s depict Hysteria as an illness where dissociation occurs for reasons that are not obvious. The symptoms shown in a hysteric unhurried are those such(prenominal) as anaesthesia, amnesia, abulia, motor go over disorders and changes in personality (Haule, 1986). These symptoms are know today as a type of psychopsych adepturosis which causes emotional excitability, provoking emotions such as fear or panic. Disturbance of the sensory, motor and cognitive functions of humans are withal a result of this particular neurosis (Patel, 2012). It has been argued by critics of the DSM that the condition, Hysteria, lacks validity and that the completely reason why it lasted as a cat selfry of disease passim bill is due to tradition (Feinstein, 2011). Thus, in 1994, the DSM-IV removed madness as an established disease and carve up the symptoms of the disease into two sections now cognise as Somatoform Disorder and Dissociative Disorder. The issues to a lower place these two comprehensive terms covered the symptoms that were accepted by the original term madness (Feinstein, 2011). The DSM-IV stated that the diagnoses for the conditions which lie under the umbrella terms Somatoform Disorder and Dissociative Disorder are particularly relevant to the formerly known diagnostic categories of hysteria. These conditions are Somatisation Disorder, transmutation Disorder and Dissociative Amnesia (Feinstein, 2011). Conversion Disorder was the most close associated to the disorders that were treated by Charcot and Freud in the 1900s, and refers to symptoms that mimic neurological disorders such as motor and sensory deficits, hoax seizures and mixed presentations. These symptoms should not relate to any complete source of illness, nor be associated with substance use / yell or the patients participation in cultur tout ensembley endorsed conducts such as trances during religious ceremonies in order for them to be and gull been diagnosed as hysteria (Feinstein, 2011). The aim of the present essay is to outline what hysteria was, and how it related to depth psychology. So, although the symptoms of hysteria are now represented through separate categories of mental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical manual of arms in the present day, for the solve of this essay, the term hysteria will be used to encapsulate all of the symptoms, and in order to em corpse the historical and contextual term whilst discussing the relevance of the condition to the origins of psychoanalysis. The literature suggests that the causes of hysteria are linked to past traumas, conflict, undue stress such as bereavement and a history of abuse (Patel, 2012). It has also been theorised that repression of sexual or aggressive behaviours could trigger hysteria. This concept was best conveyed through Freuds work on patient Anna O, where psychoanalysis had begun to take form. Freud had treated Anna O for symptoms of Hysteria by connecter Breuers talk therapy and Charcots view of hysteria (Webster, 2004). Anna Os symptoms represented the typical manifestation of hysteria. Physical symptoms consisted of a cough, paralysis on the right side of the body, contractures, and disturbances in vision, hearing and language. Psychological symptoms consisted of lapses in consciousness and frequent hallucinations. These symptoms are similar to the modern day indicators of Conversion Disorder. Doctors found no organic cause for Anna Os symptoms, so as a result of this, she was diagnosed with hysteria. Through the work on Anna O, an outline for psychoanalysis had begun to emerge (Webster, 2004). Freud continued to use the same therapeutic techniques on another(prenominal) patients who displayed the symptoms of hysteria, therefore bringing psychoanalysis into full bl oom (Webster, 2004). The process of exploring concepts such as the unconscious, repression and intrapsychic conflict in hysteric patients aided the evolution of psychoanalysis. Hypnosis, directive and abreactive techniques, and an early form of free association were used with these patients. Through these experiments Freud was able to tone the earthing of his psychoanalytical guess by adding these techniques to his practice of psychoanalysis (Krohn, 1978). Freudian psychoanalytic possibleness, and its associated practice, psychoanalysis, fit(p) emphasis on the theory of the unconscious mind. Freud had proposed that the mind was composed of three components the id, ego and superego. These components were suggested to play a significant role in the development of hysteria and are best explained through their association to the psychosexual stages of development (Yarom, 2005). The psychosexual stages of development encompass the ad-lib, Anal, Phallic, Latent and Genital phases. The theory holds the standpoint that the ego develops during the Oral phase, and the superego develops during the Phallic phase. The subject of hysteria has widely been studied in ego psychology and its understanding was deepen in the more recent studies end-to-end the literature, as a personality disorder related to conflicts inside the ego (Yarom, 2005). Psychoanalytic theory had proposed that the ego and the superego were developed by the drumhead in order to gift into effect some control over the libido during psychosexual development and throughout adult life, so that affect for gratification is directed into socially acceptable ways. Freud had stated that need for gratification is associated with the different parts of the body during each(prenominal) stage of psychosexual development, thusly the conflict between the id, ego and the superego is associated with whichever psychosexual stage the individual(a) is at (McLeod, 2008). The conflict within the psyche at the Ph allic stage is what has been theorised to bring about the Oedipus and Electra Complexes in individuals (McLeod, 2008). The suggestion made by Freud was that hysteria was associated with rejected sexuality. Freud put forward upstanding references to the fe manly sexuality. This fellowship was made through the theory of the Electra complex in which females are said to have unconscious incestuous wishes and envy the penis of their male caregivers. For this reason, hysteria was a disease strongly related to women (Yarom, 2005) On the other hand, neo-Freudian climaxes, such as that of Horneys (1967) suggested that penis envy should be considered as a secondary as opposed to primary phenomenon, in the sense that womens sexual identities are more focused on aspirations to bear children rather than achieve orgasm. However, it may be suggested that this quiet provides a sexist standpoint against women as it portrays women as only being interested in bearing children. Nonetheless, sexism was slowly overcome as history progressed and this was evident through the item that hysteria gradually became a disorder that was associated with males as well as females (Yarom, 2005). Yet contradictory literature shows studies during the 1970s which still insisted that hysteria was more prevalent among women than men, with a exalted comorbidity evident between sociopathy and hysteria, especially in women (Cloninger & Guze, 1971). These findings are supported by Lerner (1974) who stated that hysteria is a disease frequently applied to women and less frequently, if never, to men. However, despite these studies showing evidence in the literature that hysteria is a female only disease, it may be suggested that the jingoistic and ancient nature of society throughout history may have influenced the findings that although males may exhibit hysterical behaviours, it does not necessarily mean that they have the condition hysteria. It may be the case that male researchers did not want to associate this weakness in character to the male population, therefore put it forth as a female only illness, maintaining the strong image of men. Secondly, since the major(ip)ity of the researchers in this area of interest were males, it may also be suggested that they lacked empathy and understanding of the emotions and behaviours that females were exhibiting, thus interpreted these as more hysterical than those which the males were exhibiting. Conversely, the paper by Lerner (1974) does indicate that hysterical symptoms such as conversion answers and dissociative phenomena were been observed in men, but that these patients did not display the cognitive and personality characteristics of the hysterical individual, therefore they did not have hysteria. Yet, in any case, when social and contextual factors are taken into consideration, it brings ones attention to the fact that the doctors and researchers involved in studies of Hysteria were mainly male, reinforcing the notion tha t the literature was also dominated by observations influenced by patriarchal males. To lend additional support to this view, it was advocated that the explanation of the prevalence of Hysteria among women on the part of psychoanalysts was focused on preoedipal and oedipal developmental tasks that must be mastered by males and females, but the libidinal development of the two sexes only offers a partial explanation of the alleged sex differences in Hysteria, therefore it is more rational to hold the belief that social and cultural factors play a major role in the issue (Lerner, 1974). With reference to conflict within the psyche during each psychosexual stage, the purpose of psychoanalysis was to aid the patient in bringing forward to consciousness the repressed thoughts and emotions that were associated with these phases. Resolving these conflicts would strengthen the ego (Zimberoff & Hartman, 2000).. In accord, the likelihood of developing hysteria would lessen. This is supported by the notion that tension during each phase relies on the way in which the ego deals with anxiety, and that hysteria is a result of manifested repression of an incompatible predilection on the egos part (Vaillant, 1992). Therefore, the evidence based on the relationship between the id, ego and superego in psychosexual stages and the development of hysteria, played a cruicial role as a catalyst in bringing the theory of psychoanalysis into practice. This is evident through the demonstration of how resolving psychosexual conflicts strengthens the ego, therefore avoiding the development of hysteria. Although the role of Hysteria in the development of psychoanalysis is clear, it must be noted that the patriarchal approach taken by Freud and other researchers during the studies of Hysteria had also reflected on the theory and practice of psychoanalysis (Bernheimer & Kahane, 1985). Freuds writings were based mainly on male development (McLeod, 2008). This could imply one of two things every that he held the belief that female development mirrored male development, or that it was inferior to male development. Hence, it is enamour for one to question the theory that if hysteria was a female only disease, was it a mirror of male hysteriaThis could in turn imply that males were also prone to developing hysteria, therefore weakening the literature throughout history that hysteria was limited to females. On the other hand, it may also be suggested that if only the hysterical symptoms that were limited to men, were mirrored by women and were manifested in women as full blown hysteria, that hysteria was in fact a disease in full bloom in males as well as females. If women mirroring the behaviour of men was the case, this would suggest and further reinforce the idea that psychoanalysis the product of a patriarchal foundation, as hysteria was the catalyst which had patriarchal influences attached to it. As a consequence, one is left in a position to question whether studi es on hysteria had influenced psychoanalysis, or whether psychoanalysis had influenced the findings and history of hysteria, as they both break through to be partners in crime when the issue of sexism has been mentioned throughout the literature. In summary, hysteria is a set of symptoms known in the modern day as three different categories of mental disorder, classified by the DSM-IV as Somatisation Disorder, Conversion Disorder and Dissociative Amnesia. These three categories include the indicators of hysteria such as anaesthesia, amnesia, abulia, motor control disorders and changes in personality. Modern psychology suggests that hysteria is brought on through past traumas, conflict, undue stress such as bereavement and a history of abuse. However, throughout the history of psychology, it was believed that hysteria was the egos reaction to suppressed sexual or aggressive behaviours. Freud, Charcot and Breuer played significant roles in the establishment of the term hysteria, and Anna O had been the first patient to be treated for the symptoms of hysteria. Through the practice of talking therapy and free association, Freud began to establish the theory of psychoanalysis as he worked with Anna O. Theories of the unconscious mind and its components, the id, ego and superego began to emerge as Freud established their roles in the development of the human psyche. Later, hypnosis, directive and abreactive techniques, were used with Freuds patients. It was through the unveiling of the psychosexual stages of development that psychoanalysis began to blossom in full bloom. Many doctors in the 1800-1900s had associated hysteria with females, considering it to be a womens only disease and suggesting that men merely showed symptoms of the disease not a complete case (Lerner, 1974). For this reason, Freud had suggested that the conflict of the psyche during the Phallic stage, especially for females, whom struggled with penis envy, was what manifested as Hysteria at a l ater stage in life (Yarom, 2005). However, subsequent and more recent speculation highlighted the fact that these findings were discovered during a highly patriarchal time in history, where the medical field was widely dominated by men. Thus, it became evident that hysteria was, and still is a mental disorder found to be equally as prevalent in both men and women (Tucker, 2009). In conclusion, with respect to the essay question at hand, it was considered that hysteria was a significant foundation and catalyst for the development of psychoanalysis. However, due to the fact that hysteria itself was a flawed phenomenon in the way it was reflected throughout the literature at the time, psychoanalysis also became a skewed theory, based on patriarchal and chauvinistic theories. Nonetheless, this does not change the fact that Hysteria, and Anna O played a major role in the founding of psychoanalysis. Moreover, it should be considered that Hysteria is now an outdated term. The symptoms have been revised and the categories for the symptoms have been divided by the DSM, reflecting the feeler that psychological literature has made since the time of Freud and psychoanalysis.ReferencesBernheimer, C. and Kahane, C. (1985). In Doras case. inaugural ed. overbold York Columbia University Press.Clonninger, C. and Guze, S. (1970). psychiatrical Illness and Female Criminality The Role of Sociopathy and Hysteria in the Antisocial Woman. American Journal of Psychiatry. 127(3), pp.303-311.Feinstein, A. (2011). Conversion disorder advances in our understanding. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 183(8). 915-920.Haule J.R. (1986). Pierre Janet and dissociation the first transference theory and its origins in Hypnosis. Am J Clin Hypnosis. 29 86-94Horney, K. (1967). Feminine psychology. 1st ed. New York W.W. Norton.Krohn, A. (1978). Hysteria, the elusive neurosis. 1st ed. New York International Universities Press.McLeod, S. (2014). Psychosexual Stages Simply Psychology. online S implypsychology.org. Available at http//www.simplypsychology.org/psychosexual.html Accessed 24 Apr. 2014.Patel, M. and Patel, M. (2012). An Introduction to Hysteria Causes Symptoms and Treatment. online mDhil. Available at http//www.mdhil.com/an-introduction-to-hysteria/ Accessed 24 Apr. 2014.Psychologistworld.com, (2014). Sigmund Freud Psychology Issues Psychologist World. online Available at http//www.psychologistworld.com/psychologists/freud_1.php Accessed 24 Apr. 2014.Webster, R. (2014). Anna O and Hysteria Charcot and the origins of psychoanalysis. online Available at http//www.richardwebster.net/ marker/xfreudandcharcot.htm Accessed 24 Apr. 2014.Vaillant, G.E. (1992). Ego Mechanisms of Defense A Guide for Clinicians and Researchers. Washington, DC American Psychiatric Press.Yarom, N. (2005). Matrix of hysteria. 1st ed. London Routledge. Zimberoff, D. and Hartman, D. (2000). Ego Strengthening and Ego Surrender. Journal of Heart-Centered Therapies, 3(2), pp.3-66.

A Combination of Liberal Arts and Christianity Essay

Two ways of eyeshot and life argon combined to make one learning environment. Liberal arts and Christianity seem ilk two separate concepts to most, only when together they create a harmonious setting for an individual to get up in a multitude of ways. A Liberal Arts College creates a life long mind that becomes adaptable to society using their knowledge to make decisions. In Holmes pg 35 he says, Liberal grooming is an open invitation to join the human race and become more fully human. Its goals are to read and bring out and thereby think independently, and appreciation of lasting honors coupled with the ability to make sound value judgements and live by them, a critical appreciation of the past and accountable creative participation in the approaching. We are educated from kindergarden to 12th grade to learn the fundamentals of all subjects with hopes to impact the society as an educated citizen. This hope is continued if we choose to further our raising in college with a specific tenseness on a major. Like many students with a major, Christians are faithful students that use the Bible to extend their daily lives, but to the rest of the world they end be viewed as sheltered and limited to their beliefs. This causes a hindering on effectiveness that Christian have in the community and a misunderstanding of the severity of their thoughts. in Holmes pg 6 he supports this thought by saying,Unless we understand the thought and value-patterns of our day, as well as those of biblical revelation and the Christian community, and unless we speak fluently the language of our contemporaries, we tragically limit our effectiveness. With a Christian College direction is heightened by integrating literarary works, theories, and concepts to Christian commitment, moral, and faith making a collaboration of endless possibilities. This creates a well round opportunity for students to learn at a college with the strengths of both liberal arts and Christianity calle d a Christian College. We are non limited to any one way of thinking. As tidy sum we emergency to explore and question the how, what, where, and whys of the world. The Christian College does not limit the ability of self cognizance or thought, but encourages the process. Using liberal arts to educate the Christian learner and further their keenness in the world is a primary purpose of a Christian College. As stated in Holmes pg 8 integration of faith and learning remains the distinctive task of the Christion liberal arts college. The worldview of Christianity should not belimited to ones home, but incooperated doneout a individuals education to further equipt them for a future that will continue to challenge and question their abilities.In support of this thought, On page 36 Holmes publishs on the ever lasting benefits of education, If the person, including what she becomes in this life, has an eternal destiny, then what I become in the process of education lives on forever Christian liberal arts education has an eternity in view. For most, being a student is only a fragment of a lifetime. That is why the importance of receiving a well rounded education that a Christian College has to offer is essential to establish a foundation of education to concord to the remaining years of our lives. Learning with a purpose to become a reflective being, and value being, and a responsible agent will prepare an individual to step into the world and make educated, reasonable, and moral decisions. A reflective beings have a passion to learn, ask, and wonder which leads us to analyze and come up with our stimulate thoughts of possibilities. Reflectiveness sometimes leads us to have a birds eye view of a thought as a whole as opposed to thinking in a narrow, closed minded way. Causing us to become more critical thinkers and nurture our natural inquisitions. Holmes states, To teach a person to read and write is to teach him to think for himself, to develop more fully the possession of his God-given powers.He becomes in fact, not only when in possibility, a reflective, thinking being. Next, as value being takes a worldview of everything important to them and acts on those thoughts and feelings for direction. In a Chirstian College we see those values as what God has created in the the reflection of Him, us. Actions we take have cause and the choices of those actions can not be learned by reading a book, but the foundations of values can go along a person towards a better outcome. Last, there is the need to be a responsible agent. As Christians we are accountable for our actions and are governed by our Lord Jesus Christ. Decisions of right and wrong are presented daily, but as a Christian going to a Christian College we are taught the principles of reasoning through education and guided with the righteous path God has called us to live. The world is filled with possibilities and opportunity, but it is the people we become with the help of a Chr istian College, that steers us on the road to a life of reflection, value, and responsibility.A Christian College provides a basis in creating a holistic person by incooperating faith with a liberalarts education. To see life as one picture rather than a one million million tiny pieces in a puzzle can create a smoother transition from college to the existent world. Often students face the delema of just figuring it out. There is no how to manual or direction guide of life. As Christians we look to the bible for answers and get the general idea of what should be done with digging into our faith, but the is an element of critical thinking that must be applied. That kind of thinking is learned though a Christian College. If a person, including what she becomes in life, has an eternal destiny, then what I become in the process of education lives foreverChristian liberal arts education has an eternity in view.(Holmes 36) No one person or book can teach us the do and donts in life, but a well round education can prepare us for a life of constant decisions and impedimenta to overcome.

A Comparison Between ‘Requiem For The croppies’ And ‘The Tollund Man’, both by Seamus Heaney

Seamus Heany is a poet, innate(p) in Northern Ireland in 1939. He currently divides his time between his home in capital of Ireland and Harvard University, where he is Emerson poet in residence.Heaneys meters are rarely political further two poems which comment indirectly on sectarian military group are Requiem For The Croppies- written in 1966, and The Tollund Man which was published in 1972.Each poem is inspired by the past but is revolving to the recent troubles.Heaney was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1995.Requiem For The Croppies was written in 1966 to mark the anniversary of the Easter rising (the Easter rising refers to a rebellion against the British by the catholic Irish which brought about the civil war.). The poem tells of an earlier rebellion of the Irish against the protestant British in 1798 and how this rebellion lot be linked to the Easter rising and current sectarian violence in Ireland. Heany writes the poem in the first person, as if he were one of the croppies a peasant spring chicken rebelling against the protestant British who are running catholic Ireland.The Tollund Man is another of Heaneys poems in which he comments indirectly on the sectarian violence in Ireland. This poem was written after Heaney was inspired by a hold choke by P.V Glob which features recently detect two- grounds year old bodies, which had been perfectly preserved in a peat bog in Denmark. This poem opens with the poet, Heany, saying how he would like to visit the body of The Tollund Man at a museum in Aarhus, Denmark any(prenominal)thing he actually did in 1973.Requiem For The Croppies opens with the linesThe pockets of our salientcoats full of barley No kitchens on the run, no striking camp-We moved quick and sudden in our own country,This refers to how the croppies, a small un prompt armament of catholic Irish citizens, marched across a land they believed to have been theirs. These lines notice how the croppies filled their pockets with barl ey for pabulum as they had no travelling kitchen or organised meal arrangements.The poem tells how war is a great equaliser among men. In 1798, classes rarely mingled with each other, however, these men are all fighting for the same sire and so see each other as equals and sleep together, as told in line quartette The priest lay behind ditches with the tramp. The fact that a priest is fighting the war also gave the Catholics incorrupt legitimacy.The croppies appeared as hikers to passing folk, they did not march as it was an informal undisciplined army. The croppies had small victories fuelled by spontaneityThe word until shows the sudden pivot of luck in the croppies tale the rebels were slain on the Vinegar knoll in what Heaney described as the fatal conclave.Terraced thousands died, shaking scythes at cannon.The hillside blushed, soaked in our broken wave. These lines describe just how pathetic the weapons of the rebels were compared to those of the British. The Irish rebel s had scythes to defend themselves in battle, which were generally no match for a prepared army with cannons. And so, the rebels, fighting in rows side-by-side (like terraces), were slaughtered. The idea of the blushing hillside, gives the idea of how blood was spilt on the land and giving it the red, blushing appearance.The croppies were hide without shroud or coffin this explains how the croppies were given a mass burial with no ceremony or funeral rites which is really important to the catholic religion. The barley grew up out of the grave. This line has a lot of meaning in the poem, the croppies were buried in the clothing they wore and the barley from their coats literally took root and grew, this implies that you can defeat an army but the spirit of resistance lives on.The Tollund Man is divided into three parts. The first part of the poem opens withSome day I leave go to AarhusTo see his peat-brown head,The mild pods of his eyelids,His pointed skin cap.This first verse exp resses Heaneys wish to visit the Tollund gentleman in Aarhus, Denmark, he has only seen photographs of the body and wants to see it in person. Heany describes the Tollund man as having a peat-brown head this is because when the body was discovered the skin was stained brown from the peat. The mild pods of his eyelids refers to just how well the body had been preserved (the Tollund man be quiet had his hair, teeth and eyes, as well as the contents of his stomach, perfectly preserved (the last gruel of winter seeds caked in his stomach)). Heaney then says how he would stand in awe of the body, full of reverence, if he were able to visit it (I will stand a tenacious time, bridegroom to the goddess).In the quartetth verse of the first section Heaney describes the Tollund Mans wipeout quite sexually She tightened her torc on him,And opened her fen,Those dark juices working himTo a saints kept bodyThis is Heaneys way of describing the Tollund mans deed (a sacrificial ritual to the p agan god of fertility, Nerthus). The Tollund Mans neck was broken in a vice (tightening the torc) and he was buried in the peat bog (opened her fen) where he sank deeper into the peat to be preserved perfectly for two thousand years (those dark juices working him to a saints kept body).The final verse closes with Heany commenting on how valuable the find was to the archaeologists and now the mud stained face reposes at Aarhus.Part two of this poem is about four catholic brothers who were ambushed by protestant men. The brothers were tied to the back of a train and dragged to their death over some(prenominal) miles of train line, parts of their bodies were found up and down the line including teeth and patches of skin. Heany says that if it were possible to bring the brothers back to life by risking blasphemy and praying to the Tollund man, then he would do so.The third section of this poem discusses Heaneys jaunt to Aarhus. He will feel estranged because of language barriers but a t home because he can link the death of the Tollund Man to the deaths of people in his homeland, both die for their religion.Requiem for the croppies is in Miltonic praise format, it comprises of fourteen lines in an octave plus sestet format. The poem also features a complex hoar scheme of ABABCDCD EFEFEF. The dashes on the third line regarding the croppies feeding habits minimal brain damage parenthesis (conversation aside).Heany uses a few metaphors (e.g. terraced thousands hillside blushed) to add imagery to this piece of writing and the antithesis of shaking scythes at cannon is a good contrast to use when comparing the weak to the strong.The Tollund Man is written in a conversational tone and comprises of several quatrains per section and it has no verse scheme. The poem uses metaphors to describe the shape of the eyes pods allows the reader to visualise a thin layer containing some sort of round object e.g. a pea pod. The conundrum unhappy and at home is an ironic parad ox relating to his how he has become accustomed to killing around him yet it still makes him sad to know it is press release on. The oxymoron sad freedom is ironic because you wouldnt tend to use two words which involve opposite emotions to be near to each other in descriptive writing.I prefer Requiem for the Croppies because I find it to a greater extent dramatic and moving. The pivot in the story adds a thrill to the tale and it is not as long and cryptic as The Tollund Man.

Interwar Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Inter state of war - Essay ExampleEverybody concentrated on war, which subsequently bred mistrust among countries thereby paralyzing contributive relationships for business. Such precarious times discouraged effective economic activities resulting in a number of introduction economic disasters. One such disaster was the Great Depression countries had concentrated all their efforts on the war. Countries had exhausted billions of dollars purchasing firearms and in the training soldiers, nobody at such times considered the economic repercussions of the exorbitant armed services spending that the grounds major economies such as the United States of American and the Soviet merger had undertaken. It is only after the war that the countries realized that they had spent more on military at the set down of other sectors of the economy. Furthermore, the war had bred unfriendly relationship between the countries. The regional alignment of countries resulted in the East lock themselves aw ay from the Wets thereby curtailing all business relationships between the countries. ... Before the war, while most European countries had acquired the constitutional governing systems of some kind, many of these were actually far from being actual democracies (Martin 312).This implied that the countries had weaker economies and could non possibly pay the cost of the war. However, their participation on the war were inevitable and most countries invested larger amounts of both financial and benevolent resources on the war at the expense of the economy. Combining the political instability of such countries to the implications of the war indeed resulted in a chaotic and unsustainable economic system thereby resulting in the great depression. The First humanness War lasted for three years a period within which minimal economic activity took place. The world took place in several battlegrounds such as Japan, Italy and Germany and in a number of countries within the Soviet Union. During the wars, such regions therefore became inaccessible and unconducive for any economic activity such as either land or trade. Furthermore, the concern of most governments was on how to save the civilians some of who were dying from the effects of the war and hunger. 3 years without a reliable economic activity was likely to bear serious consequences on the countries including those not directly affected by the war. Countries therefore resorted to radical economic policies in the period preceding the war in an attempt to uplift their dwindling economies. The USSR for example implemented a five year proposal through which it sought to revamp its economic power and in so doing alleviate the living standards of its people. The fellowship